Existentialism is a Movement of the 20th Century Essay

Existentialism is a Movement of the 20th Century - Essay Example Kierkegaard is known to be the father of existentialism. He is also a highly known philosopher of the 19th century. Kierkegaard developed the idea of living life in a variety of stages. Aesthetical, ethical and religious were his divisions of life. In his work, he claimed that he went through similar experiences during his lifetime, and he used the stages to establish his own philosophy of life and of human existence. He assessed the first two stages with regard to the normal set of beliefs and behavior. However, the last stage developed based on personal and non-rational opinion â€Å"leap of faith† (Cooper 517). The aesthetical stage was characterized by immediacy and failure, to reflect with seriousness upon the nature of a person’s life. The people in this stage were defined as like material things and fulfilling their desires as they occurred. People become slaves to their senses and they tend to want to fulfill desires propelled by their senses. People would tend to fulfill needs they consider appropriate and other people’s opinion did not count. The stage represents two types of lifestyles; reflective and non-reflective immediacy. Alcohol, sex and drugs are some illustrations of satisfying unrefined immediacy. An individual act without thinking because the satisfaction expected does not require thinking, refined immediacy, on the other hand, characterized by thoughtful planning (Cooper 518). Sometimes people think before undertaking a certain action, but the thoughts do not put into consideration moral and ethical values. Reflection of the lifestyle embarked not put into consideration. Planning made in order to gain full satisfaction of the lifestyle. According to Kierkegaard this pleasures of life will eventually vanish, and an individual will be caught in a moment of despair (Kierkegaard n. p). In the end, one will get tired of the life of luxury and satisfaction would hardly be achieved.

Propolis To Be Selected For Winter Promotion Essay Example for Free

Propolis To Be Selected For Winter Promotion Essay Introduction In coming winter, there will be a special promotion event and a brand of propolis capsules will be selected to present. The aim of this report is to describe the basic information of propolis, show the popularity of propolis and evaluate the advantages and reputation of best seller on market. Firstly the method of research is described, followed by the findings. Then conclusions are drawn and recommendations are made. Methodology Research was conducted to find out the information about propolis. Firstly, table of information about basic information of propolis and research results of evaluation of Comvita Propolis Capsules were conducted by Mr. Tim Burch. Then, websites of two exhibition were visited to get information on Popularity of propolis as a health supplement product. Findings (a) Basic information of propolis According to the table of information, propolis is produced by bee and it is used to build the hives in nature. It is 100% natural substance. Regarding the function, propolis has special power in strengthen and accelerate regeneration of cell as to speed up wound healing. It helps to whiten skin and make skin fine. Besides, boosting immune system is another unique effect of propolis. It contains some anti-allergies like asthma and nasal allergy. Therefore, it helps fight inflammation caused by viruses, bacteria and fungi and lower the chance for other complication occur. (b) Popularity of propolis as a health supplement product Propolis has a board usage as a health supplement product. From the website of MedinePlus(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/390.html) shows the following findings. There sufficient evidence to rate effectiveness for Cold sores, Genital herpes and Mouth surgery. Propolis is very popular as it has many medicinal uses today and it presents over the world. From the website of JAFRA(http://www.jafra.gr.jp/eng/propolis1.html)  shows the findings that just in Japan, there are 300 companies are selling propolis health foods and the market is still increasing. Thus, it shows that propolis is very well-received now. (c) Evaluation of Comvita Propolis Capsules Based on research results from Mr. Tim Burch about the best seller on market, Comvita Propolis Capsules. It evaluates this brand of propolis has two major advantages. High purity and flavonoid has found in Comvita Propolis Capsules, it has competitive content of purity and flavonoid than other product. One of the unique features of the product is † additives free†. Comvita Propolis Capsules is a natural product with no artificial colourings lavourings or preservatives. Other than advantages, it has a reputation for honesty and efficiency. There is more than 1000 positive reviews by users on online shopping websites. And Comvita Propolis Capsules becomes the finalist of ‘Product of the Year’ by the Women’s Weekly Health Wellbeing magazine in Australia. It is perceived that Comvita Propolis Capsules is the best seller on market. Nevertheless, the products are not very stable during winter due to the peak consuming season. Pre-order is needed for porduct s supply.

Growth in the U.K. Economy :: Economics Britain Essays

Growth in the U.K. Economy After the Second World War, Britain enjoyed the longest boom in its history until the 1973-74 oil crisis. There are many, though, who do not view this as a successful period of Britain's history. Although Britain experienced unprecedented growth, its rate of growth was slower than that for many other countries. It is therefore debatable as to whether this was a successful period of Britain's history or not. This essay will examine the statistics of Britain's growth after the Second World War and compare this to statistics for other countries as well as statistics from Britain's past. This will provide evidence to accurately assess Britain's growth performance during this period. The essay will also examine possible reasons for Britain's relative decline such as demand management Government policies, balance of payments problems, an over reliance on traditional manufacturing industries, low investment in capital stock, Trade Union power, poor management, poor business structure and a poor education system. The 25 years from 1948 to 1973 produced growth faster than had been seen in any previous period of equivalent length. During this period, real gross domestic product doubled. The increase in the average growth rate from 2% to 2.8% shows that UK productivity increased considerably. During the 1950s, there were no concerns about the UK growth rate. The standard of living was still higher than that of any other EEC country except Belgium and higher than it had ever been in Britain's history. It was twice as high as Italy and 50% higher than West Germany. When compared to the performance of other countries, though, UK growth rates are less impressive. Other EEC countries had growth rates roughly double that of the UK, between 5% and 6%. This caused great concern amongst many politicians and economists at the time. Most economists look back on the period as a failure. Elbaum and Lazonick, two North American economists say: "If there is much to be learned from the Japanese success, it is our conviction that the United States may have even more to learn from the decline of Britain The significance of a difference of 3% in the growth rate is that, if two countries have a level start, the faster growing country will have twice the output of the slower country in 25 years. This showed that Britain was in relative decline and justified some of the fears of

Critical Literacy Autobiography Essay

For a girl like me, reading and writing has never come easy. I understand how to read and write I just don’t have a big vocabulary or a desire to open up a book and read. Not putting blame on any one individual, I just feel as if all throughout my education I haven’t been taught how to write well. Maybe writing is something you can’t be taught how to do but I have some friends who are amazing writers and plan to continue their education in journalism. They all have had the same teachers I have had and all have been taught the same curriculum but somehow I fall short as a writer. I don’t believe writing is something you can be literate about I feel you either have a desire to write or you don’t. I have learned to read and write minimal and in the next decade I feel students will be taught less and less on how to read and write. Eventually the way of learning will be vocal and all you will have to know is how to listen and speak. Most commonly, when I have to write it’s not out of finding fun in writing it is more because of an assignment like this where the only end result is a grade and I feel as if more students feel the same way because there is so much technology that you don’t have to be as creative as in the past. My favorite reading is dramas. Things that I can relate to in my everyday life, I love those books that you just can’t put down no matter how hard you try, therefore, I hate those books that you are dragging yourself along in just for the end grade. I find writing fun if I am writing about a topic that I can relate closely too. Although, I do find that writing for fun still doesn’t come easy and I still spend hours trying to figure out how I want to put the words on a piece of paper. In the story from Malcolm X, he is full of knowledge; he repeatedly states different historical events with their dates. He has knowledge that he can elaborate on where I do not. He also refers to Muhammad a lot during his writing and that is someone that is a â€Å"teacher† to him. He has learned many things from Muhammad which made him the man he was. He has built a reputation through his teaching of history which gives him credentials. He taught me that you can learn to read and write over time but it’s not something that you have to be born with when he stated â€Å"I suppose it was inevitable that as my word-base broadened, I could for the first time pick up a book and read and now begin to understand what the book was saying. † (X) This shows that Malcolm X learned how to read and write while in prison. It shouldn’t be that hard for me to learn to write but somehow I just can’t grasp the concept of becoming a good writer. Anne Lamott has said it all for me in her essay â€Å"Shitty First Drafts†. She mentions that â€Å"Very few writers really know what they’re doing until they’ve done it. † (Lamott) This goes to show that I am not the only person that sucks at writing and after people review and help revise and edit my paper then I slowly start to get on the right path and organize all of my thoughts to go into one direction. Lamott also exclaims â€Å"Almost all good writing begins with terrible first efforts. † (Lamott) This gives me hope that my essays in college may turn out exceptional. I understand that other people have the same problem I do and although they went through elementary, middle school and high school they too cannot produce a wonderful first draft. One day I hope to become a person that gets an idea and can take out a sheet of paper and write down everything on my mind without having to stop and think if I could reword something to sound better. Writing should be like watching television something that relaxes you and lets you vent out all of your stress and problems. I know a lot of people who use journals or diaries to vent out onto and as they are writing away they don’t stop to rephrase something or let their grammar get in the way and that is how a first draft should be. As for me I worry all the way through about if it makes sense, if I am repeating myself, or even if I am writing what is asked of me. People who are authors writer because their love for writing and I know authors that are terrible at getting their point across or take the whole book before spilling the gossip but people still read their books and still get intrigued by their writing. I hope throughout the next eight years of college I will become more literate as a reader, writer, and speaker. I will have a larger vocabulary and use it in a unique way. I understand that I won’t have an English class for the next eight years but I will continue to perfect my writing into something people enjoy reading about. I will make every effort to perfect my writing in this class and the rest of my future. As a student reading and writing skills are vital to success so this class and others shall help me perk mine in the right direction. Works Cited Lamott, Anne. â€Å"Shitty First Drafts. † Wardle, Elizabeth and Doug Downs. Writing About Writing. 1994. 301-304. X, Malcolm. â€Å"Learning to Read. † Wardle, Elizabeth and Doug Downs. Writing About Writing. 1965. 354-357.

Go Green Essay

The honorable, Miss Asmi Rusmanayanti as our speaking lecturer. Firstly. I would like to praise to the Almighty Allah SWT, because of His Blessing we are able to attend this speaking class. Secondly may peace be upon the prophet Muhammad Saw who has guided us from the darkness into the brightness. Ladies and gentlemen Before I deliver my speech, let me introduce may self. My name is Indrawati Husna. It is a great pleasure for me to be given the opportunity to deliver a speech entitled; Go Green. Ladies and gentlemen Go Green! program of environmental protection. This is just a simple phrase. But it means a lot for our earth. It aims at making global movements to participate actively in saving our earth – the only planet in which we live. In the last century, we know that our environment especially our rainforest in Indonesia has been cut down by human. Scientists state the function of rainforest as lungs of the world. Based on fact, Indonesia has lost 72% of the original fores t. How horrible it is! The deforestation will influence a lot of our environment. If deforestation keeps going on, the greenhouse effects cannot be reduced and finally the global warming will keep increasing. It warns us that our earth is in danger and we should participate actively to take care of our environment. Ladies and gentlemen Human growth increased, but not supported by natural growth. The modern people in this millennium era had affected so many destructive impacts which are really needed to be concern. They not only want to increase their prosperity, but also increase their rate of comfortable and luxurious life. Because of that the protected animal and plant nearly extinct, forest logging without reboization, and uncontrolled of mine exploitation. The impact of those problem cause Global Warming keeps increasing that its disaster such as floods, earthquake, landslides that can kill human life. The disaster can happen anytime and anywhere, every month even every week. We have to be worry about this. Ladies and gentlemen We live in the same world; in this earth. Nature balance was really disturbed by human behavior. As the youth generation without exception we should devote and participate on any program that cares to our environment and go green is one of them. The importance of Go green is making our environment to be green and full of fresh air. Everyone must be responsible for every single plant. We should do this for our better future environment. If there are 300 million people in Indonesia, there will be 300 millions of plants in Indonesia. In addition, planting any kinds of trees in the barren area or in side of the road can be done. That is a good start. These activities can be supported by doing another activity in saving our earth such as: 1. Stop deforestation and do reforestation movement 2. Reduce the use / purchase of goods made of plastic because almost all of plastic waste will produce harmful gases when burned and can pollute the environment. 3. Don’t throw away rubbish anywhere which can disturb the flowing of the river water. 4. Reduce fuel consumption. I believe we all can do and cooperate together. No one will get disadvantage. Ladies and gentlemen The importance of saving our environment is the need for all of us, for human being to survive. It is not only for us, but also for our next generation. The disasters above can be minimized if all of human beings can preserve our environment and we must pay more attention to our environment whenever and wherever. By doing those simple efforts, it means we have participated in the preservation of our environment. I think that’s all my speech. Hopefully it will be useful for all of us and thank you very much for your attention.

Children, Reading, and Literature Essay Example

Children, Reading, and Literature Essay Example Children, Reading, and Literature Essay Children, Reading, and Literature Essay Children’s reading materials when chosen in the light of their needs and interests serves as one of the essential factors in their development in the various phases of growth. Good literature brings the child to contact with great minds and various forms of experiences, increasing his knowledge of human nature and of the expanding world around him. Literature does not only increase the child’s knowledge about life and living but can also become a springboard for creative writing, dramatics, art and music. In order to achieve these desirable changes in the child through literature, it is necessary to know each child-his interests capacities, needs and aspirations. Parents, teachers and librarians share the responsibity of helping him find the right books and provide activities that are related to his interests and needs. Definitions Interest is an expression of an individual’s pattern of reaction or behaviour toward himself, his environment, his associates and the situations him may find himself. Needs has been defined as the desire for what are called or considered necessities. Need is lack of these necessities. Needs are strong motivations that have to be met. Needs have been classified in several ways: physical, mental, emotional, social, moral, and spiritual, aesthetic, economic, and recreational. Other educators and child psychologists classify needs of children which are also basically man’s needs as: need for material security, need for emotional security, need for intellectual security, need to belong, to be a part of a group, need for recreation or diversion, need for aesthetic satisfaction. Need for Material Security The child’s need for material or economic security comes first and begins in his mother’s and father’s arm. It extends gradually to include his regular routine of eating and sleeping and everything that gives him comfort and well-being. The old fairy tales were told by people who didn’t have en

buy custom Work-Family Life essay

buy custom Work-Family Life essay Work-home balance refers to an individuals perception of the relationship between family and work roles. Work and home balance is often conflicting and competing in nature. Women in the modern society have difficulty in rising to managerial positions and rarely become company managers due to their caregiving and domestic demands. Most men and women have to juggle work with family with the views that the central part of an employees life is work. Women mostly have to sacrifice home roles to be successful at their jobs. Anne-Marie Slaughter comments on the assumption that the workplaces are designed to separate family demands from the work ones. She argues that this approach is necessary for all workers to perform the task of being a parent and a worker. She notes that as employment organizations are becoming more demographically diverse, there also should be a review of the applicable family-work relationship to prevent adverse outcomes, especially for the working mothers. In her article, she argues that work and family is a win-lose relationship, proving that individuals have limited time to apportion between their numerous life roles (Slaughter, 2012). There is a negative perception of balancing home and work relationship. For women, having ultiple roles depletes resources, distracts, and the result is that they are overloaded. The work-family strain customarily leaves them with an option to quit the job. The workplaces still operate the same way, and there are no improvements in accommodating the family demands bestowed on women. Anne-Marie suggests that there should be ways designed to support the family and help manage workloads to avoid the role conflict and make it easier for women to have it all. In many instances, the emotions and mood from one domain influence to a great extent those of the other. If a woman has a good day and has some extra energy and emotions to allocate to the family, she will reap benefits from both domains. An ideal family will mean positive emotions at workplaces. Beside working women who have children, concerns connected with work-home balance affect other employees as well. Most women who prosper and attain top posts find themselves sacrificing a family to be in a position to concentrate on one end. Annie claims, Every male Supreme Court justice has a family. Two of the three female justices are single with no children. (Slaughter, 2012). The study shows how difficult it has become for women to maintain high positions at workplaces and have successful families compared to their male counterparts. Individuals holding well-paid positions at advanced managerial levels in most cases experience greater work conflict and higher imbalance in work-family life due to overwork. Mostly, there are too many tasks competing for an individuals energy and time, which results in strain and overload. On the other hand, individuals at the lower end of the economic scale experience conflict due to lack of resources to get quality childcare and flexibility of work. Therefore, employees at both ends of the economy experience work-family conflict, although their reasons for it are different (Pitt-Catsouphes, Kossek, Sweet, 2006). Given womens greater caregiving responsibilities, work-family conflict seems to affect their satisfaction at a higher degree compared to men. Managers should hence design appropriate workplaces to support this balance. For this to happen, women will have to express their opinions on this issue for everybody to hear them if they want to have it all. According to a viewpoint that becomes more and more popular, women can achieve balance by only having control over their work and being able to properly utilize their time and energy. If a woman wants to achieve positive results in both career and family, she must avoid overload, and there should not be many competing roles. Buy custom Work-Family Life essay

Albert Einstein, Developer of the Theory of Relativity

Albert Einstein, Developer of the Theory of Relativity Albert Einstein (March 14, 1879–April 18, 1955), a German-born theoretical physicist who lived during the 20th century, revolutionized scientific thought. Having developed the Theory of Relativity, Einstein opened the door for the development of atomic power and the creation of the atomic bomb. Einstein is best known for his 1905 general theory of relativity, Emc2, which posits that energy (E) equals mass (m) times the speed of light (c) squared. But his influence went far beyond that theory. Einsteins theories also changed thinking about how the planets revolve around the sun. For his scientific contributions, Einstein also won the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics. Einstein also was forced to Flee Nazi Germany after the rise of Adolf Hitler. Its no exaggeration to say that his theories indirectly helped lead the Allies to victory over the Axis powers in World War II, particularly the defeat of Japan. Fast Facts: Albert Einstein Known For: The General Theory of Relativity, Emc2, which led to the development of the atomic bomb and atomic power.Born: March 14, 1879 in Ulm,  Kingdom of Wà ¼rttemberg,  German EmpireParents: Hermann Einstein and Pauline KochDied: April 18, 1955 in Princeton, New JerseyEducation: Swiss Federal Polytechnic (1896–1900, B.A., 1900; University of Zurich, Ph.D., 1905)Published Works: On a Heuristic Point of View Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light, On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies, Does an Object’s Inertia Depend on Its Energy Content?Awards and Honors: Barnard Medal (1920), Nobel Prize in Physics (1921), Matteucci Medal (1921), Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1926), Max Planck Medal (1929), Time Person of the Century (1999)Spouses: Mileva Marić (m. 1903–1919), Elsa Là ¶wenthal (m. 1919–1936)Children: Lieserl, Hans Albert Einstein, EduardNotable Quote: Try and penetrate with our limited means the secrets of na ture and you will find that, behind all the discernible concatenations, there remains something subtle, intangible and inexplicable. Early Life and Education Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm, Germany to Jewish parents, Hermann and Pauline Einstein. A year later, Hermann Einsteins business failed and he moved his family to Munich to start a new electric business with his brother Jakob. In Munich, Alberts sister Maja was born in 1881. Only two years apart in age, Albert adored his sister and they had a close relationship with each other their whole lives. Although Einstein is now considered the epitome of genius, in the first two decades of his life, many people thought Einstein was the exact opposite. Right after Einstein was born, relatives were concerned with Einsteins pointy head. Then, when Einstein didnt talk until he was 3 years old, his parents worried something was wrong with him. Einstein also failed to impress his teachers. From elementary school through college, his teachers and professors thought he was lazy, sloppy, and insubordinate. Many of his teachers thought he would never amount to anything. When Einstein was 15 years old, his fathers new business had failed and the Einstein family moved to Italy. At first, Albert remained behind in Germany to finish high school, but he was soon unhappy with that arrangement and left school to rejoin his family. Rather than finish high school, Einstein decided to apply directly to the prestigious Polytechnic Institute in Zurich, Switzerland. Although he failed the entrance exam on the first try, he spent a year studying at a local high school and retook the entrance exam in October 1896 and passed. Once at the Polytechnic, Einstein again did not like school. Believing that his professors only taught old science, Einstein would often skip class, preferring to stay home and read about the newest in scientific theory. When he did attend class, Einstein would often make it obvious that he found the class dull. Some last-minute studying allowed Einstein to graduate in 1900. However, once out of school, Einstein was unable to find a job because none of his teachers liked him enough to write him a recommendation letter. For nearly two years, Einstein worked at short-term jobs until a friend was able to help him get a job as a patent clerk at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. Finally, with a job and some stability, Einstein was able to marry his college sweetheart, Mileva Maric, whom his parents strongly disapproved. The couple went on to have two sons: Hans Albert (born 1904) and Eduard (born 1910). Einstein the Patent Clerk For seven years, Einstein worked six days a week as a patent clerk. He was responsible for examining the blueprints of other peoples inventions and then determining whether they were feasible. If they were, Einstein had to ensure that no one else had already been given a patent for the same idea. Somehow, between his very busy work and family life, Einstein not only found time to earn a doctorate from the University of Zurich (awarded 1905) but found time to think. It was while working at the patent office that Einstein made his most influential discoveries. Influential Theories In 1905, while working at the patent office, Einstein wrote five scientific papers, which were all published in the Annalen der Physik (Annals of Physics, a major physics journal). Three of these were published together in September 1905. In one paper, Einstein theorized that light must not just travel in waves but existed as particles, which explained the photoelectric effect. Einstein himself described this particular theory as revolutionary. This was also the theory for which Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. In another paper, Einstein tackled the mystery of why pollen never settled to the bottom of a glass of water but rather, kept moving (Brownian motion). By declaring that the pollen was being moved by water molecules, Einstein solved a longstanding, scientific mystery and proved the existence of molecules. His third paper described Einsteins Special Theory of Relativity, in which Einstein revealed that space and time are not absolutes. The only thing that is constant, Einstein stated, is the speed of light; the rest of space and time are all based on the position of the observer. Not only are space and time not absolutes, Einstein discovered that energy and mass, once thought completely distinct items, were actually interchangeable. In his Emc2  equation (Eenergy, mmass, and cspeed of light), Einstein created a simple formula to describe the relationship between energy and mass. This formula reveals that a very small amount of mass can be converted into a huge amount of energy, leading to the later invention of the atomic bomb. Einstein was only 26 years old when these articles were published and already he had done more for science than any individual since Sir Isaac Newton. Scientists Take Notice In 1909, four years after his theories were first published, Einstein was finally offered a teaching position. Einstein enjoyed being a teacher at the University of Zurich. He had found traditional schooling as he grew up extremely limiting and thus he wanted to be a different kind of teacher. Arriving at school unkempt, with hair uncombed and his clothes too baggy, Einstein soon became known as much for his appearance as his teaching style. As Einsteins fame within the scientific community grew, offers for new, better positions began to pour in. Within only a few years, Einstein worked at the University of Zurich (Switzerland), then the German University in Prague (Czech Republic), and then went back to Zurich for the Polytechnic Institute. The frequent moves, the numerous conferences that Einstein attended, and preoccupation of Einstein with science left Mileva (Einsteins wife) feeling both neglected and lonely. When Einstein was offered a professorship at the University of Berlin in 1913, she didnt want to go. Einstein accepted the position anyway. Not long after arriving in Berlin, Mileva and Albert separated. Realizing the marriage could not be salvaged, Mileva took the kids back to Zurich. They officially divorced in 1919. Achieves Worldwide Fame During  World War I, Einstein stayed in Berlin and worked diligently on new theories. He worked like a man obsessed. With Mileva gone, he often forgot to eat and sleep. In 1917, the stress eventually took its toll and he collapsed. Diagnosed with gallstones, Einstein was told to rest. During his recuperation, Einsteins cousin Elsa helped nurse him back to health. The two became very close and when Alberts divorce was finalized, Albert and Elsa married. It was during this time that Einstein revealed his General Theory of Relativity, which considered the effects of acceleration and gravity on time and space. If Einsteins theory was correct, then the gravity of the sun would bend light from stars. In 1919, Einsteins General Theory of Relativity could be tested during a solar eclipse. In May 1919, two British astronomers (Arthur Eddington and Sir Frances Dyson) were able to put together an expedition that observed the  solar eclipse  and documented the bent light. In November 1919, their findings were announced publicly. After having suffered monumental bloodshed during World War I, people around the world were craving news that went beyond their countrys borders. Einstein became a worldwide celebrity overnight. It wasnt just his revolutionary theories; it was Einsteins general persona that appealed to the masses. Einsteins disheveled hair, poorly fitting clothes, doe-like eyes, and witty charm endeared him to the average person. He was a genius, but he was an approachable one. Instantly famous, Einstein was hounded by reporters and photographers wherever he went. He was given honorary degrees and asked to visit countries around the world. Albert and Elsa took trips to the United States, Japan, Palestine (now Israel), South America, and throughout Europe. Becomes an Enemy of the State Although Einstein spent the 1920s traveling and making special appearances, these took away from the time he could work on his scientific theories. By the early 1930s, finding time for science wasnt his only problem. The political climate in Germany was changing drastically. When  Adolf Hitler  took power in 1933, Einstein was luckily visiting the United States (he never returned to Germany). The Nazis promptly declared Einstein an enemy of the state, ransacked his house, and burned his books. As death threats began, Einstein finalized his plans to take a position at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, New Jersey. He arrived at Princeton on Oct. 17, 1933. Einstein suffered a personal loss when Elsa died on Dec. 20, 1936. Three years later, Einsteins sister Maja fled from  Mussolinis Italy  and came to live with Einstein in Princeton. She stayed until her death in 1951. Until the Nazis took power in Germany, Einstein had been a devoted pacifist for his entire life. However, with the harrowing tales coming out of Nazi-occupied Europe, Einstein reevaluated his pacifist ideals. In the case of the Nazis, Einstein realized they needed to be stopped, even if that meant using military might to do so. The Atomic Bomb In July 1939, scientists  Leo Szilard  and Eugene Wigner visited Einstein to discuss the possibility that Germany was working on building an atomic bomb. The ramifications of Germany building such a destructive weapon prompted Einstein to write a letter to  President Franklin D. Roosevelt  to warn him about this potentially massive weapon. In response, Roosevelt established the  Manhattan Project, a collection of U.S. scientists urged to beat Germany to the construction of a working atomic bomb. Even though Einsteins letter prompted the Manhattan Project, Einstein himself never worked on constructing the atomic bomb. Later Years and Death From 1922 until the end of his life, Einstein worked on finding a unified field theory. Believing that God does not play dice, Einstein searched for a single, unified theory that could combine all the fundamental forces of physics between elementary particles. Einstein never found it. In the years after World War II, Einstein advocated for a world government and for civil rights. In 1952, after the death of Israels first President Chaim Weizmann, Einstein was offered the presidency of Israel. Realizing that he was not good at politics and too aged to start something new, Einstein declined the offer. On April 12, 1955, Einstein collapsed at his home. Just six days later, on April 18, 1955, Einstein died when the aneurysm he had been living with for several years finally burst. He was 76 years old. Resources and Further Reading â€Å"The Year Of Albert Einstein.†Ã‚  Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 1 June 2005.â€Å"Albert Einstein.†Ã‚  Biography.com, AE Networks Television, 14 Feb. 2019.Kuepper, Hans-Josef. â€Å"The Collected Papers of Albert Einstein.†Ã‚  Albert Einstein - Honours, Prizes and Awards.

Case study K-12 Education common core standards

K-12 Education common core standards - Case Study Example The common core standard system will establish objectives that the education sector should achieve within a certain timeframe. After the period of execution, they will provide a reference point for performance evaluation. In essence, the common core standards system will have provided a framework for performance evaluation in the education system. Performance evaluation is imperative in any sector since it reveals to the different stakeholders the impacts of the existing strategies. Despite having all the right intentions, the common core standards system may be counterproductive if undertaken unilaterally (Oros, 2007, p. 297). The process of establishing standards should be all-inclusive to ensure that educators and school administrators also contribute to the creation of the educational standards. In addition, the implementation should also involve the educators and administrator who are well versed with the challenges of implementing any education policy. The common core standards system will establish a mentality that the stakeholders have to keep improving if they are to remain relevant in the education system, which will be beneficial to the students, and the education system. Overall, the common core standards system is a noble educational system whose success will depend on the implementation and acceptance in the learning

The Development of the New Media Economics under influence of global Research Proposal

The Development of the New Media Economics under influence of global economics crises - Research Proposal Example The economic indicators of media industry are crucial to study and understand. Answering this question will allow to establish relationship of performance of the industry according to the external environmental factor. Global economic crisis have impacted the economic activities of the developed, developing and underdeveloped economies. According to IMF definition of global recession, the growth rate of economy less than three percent results in global recession (Lall, 2008). Nevertheless the theoretical motivation comes from the book of Albarran (1996) that allowed basic understanding of media economics, where economic activities of different media markets have been covered. This initiated interest of researcher on different aspects of media economics. The global crisis brought different economic situation of a business cycle particularly to new media economics. New Media Economics is that field of economic studies that covers different aspects of production, distribution and consumption of media services by different consumer groups. This is an interdisciplinary study that borrows thoughts from different areas of studies like entertainment studies, management, economics, psychology and others. This study also covers the impact of technology on the different operations of media industries. There have been various studies done in order to understand different aspects of new media economics (Lall, 2008). â€Å"The world economy is likely to shrink for the first time in decades this year, the head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned. Dominique Strauss-Kahns prediction is gloomier than that the IMFs current official forecast of 0.5% growth. He added that trade was falling at an alarming rate and business and consumer confidence had collapsed. (BBC, March 2009)† In this scenario, there are too much of talk in our own surroundings and environment that attracts people to know more about the same. Media

Manager's Hot Seat #2-Listening Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Manager's Hot Seat #2-Listening Skills - Essay Example Since the issue at hand is critical and affects the business relationship with its customers, Pilar should restate the problem in a forceful manner. Given the lightness Miguel takes the case, the manager should enforce the message repeatedly in an attempt to justify the wrongness of Miguel’s action and ensure the practice does not surface in the future. Another alternative is firing the employee for the lack of competence and ignorance. It is evident that Miguel failed to communicate the budget overuse to the client because she believes that $11,000 is a drop in the ocean. In business dealing, this is suicidal and reflects incompetence and exploitation for customers with financial stability. In the second scenario, the communication between the two improves once Miguel pays attention to the seriousness of the matter. As a result of Pilar’s anger, Miguel becomes fearful and attentive resulting in a better communication. Miguel is afraid that he might lose a potential customer due to ignorance. At this stage, the manager should reaffirm his trust in the worker by showing concern and affirming that the issue would be solved professionally without potential risk to the employee. However, he should also a stern warning against going beyond the set budget without proper communication and agreement with the manager and the client. In the modern dynamic and competitive business world, communication takes a central role in the success of a company. For this reason, manager, workers, and customers need to have adequate listening and speaking skills to facilitate an efficient

European Debt Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

European Debt Crisis - Essay Example According to Investopedia (2012) the crisis led to the reduction of the confidence of the market for European businesses and economies. In contrast, according to the version of Constancio (2012), the European sovereign debt crisis emerged only in spring 2010. The European sovereign debt crisis is the climax of the banking crisis resulting from the demise of the Lehman Brothers and the resulting bailout extended by governments to their banking system (Constancio 2012). In other words, it is held that the European debt crisis started out as a financial crisis from the Lehman Brothers. In the climax of the crisis, government was forced to support the financial system, creating large debts for government leading to the sovereign debt crisis. II. Impact on bond and other markets (equity, derivatives, commodities, forex, gold, etc.) Constancio (2012) has a good discussion on the emergence of European sovereign debt crisis and its impact on the financial markets. We use his interpretation. After the failure of the Lehman Brothers, the ECB or the European Central Bank implemented a policy of strong credit support and measures to boost liquidity way above than what could be achieved by a mere interest rate policy. The European government implemented measures to increase the maturities for debts, more access to foreign currencies and a program of bond purchases. The European sovereign debt crisis became severe with Moody’s downgrade of Portugal on 5 July 2011 (Constancio 2012). The situation plus the risk of a Greek default triggered a sell-off of Italian and Spanish assets. The initial effects of a sovereign debt crisis are for bond yields to go up. However, investors find it appropriate to reduce their exposures to government bonds in view of risks that governments may not be able to pay for their debts. Simultaneously, markets can expect that the foreign exchange markets can be affected substantially as demand for currencies affected by the crisis can significa ntly go down, proportional to the perception of the extent that the would be affected by the sovereign debt crisis. The effect on the foreign exchange market is important as the effects reverberate on the equities, commodities and derivatives markets. Expected depreciation of currencies affected by the sovereign debt crisis can lead to falling equities, commodity prices and derivative prices. However, as markets are interrelated, or as companies in one country may have investments in companies directly affected by the sovereign debt crisis, all of the financial markets are affected. The more correlated the companies in a region, for example, the more the rest of the markets are affected by the sovereign debt crisis in one country and soon, especially as governments respond to the crisis with bailouts and enhanced liquidity, the correlated governments and economies are affected by the sovereign debt crisis and not only the countries that were initially affected by the sovereign debt crisis. In contrast, to the extent that gold is seen as a store value of value, gold prices can pick up and enjoy a better market. When the financial markets are in doldrums and gold is seen as the better store of value than the bonds, equities, commodi

Education and Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Education and Religion - Essay Example As the world continues to reel from the effects brought about by technological change, the religious educational community is now experiencing the challenges associated with the transition to a more learner-personalized, ICT-enabled education. Some questions reflect the search for purpose behind the technology transition: Why do we need to integrate technology into the religiosity? How can technology support learners’ religious-based educational experiences? How can technology support a more productive future in learning about Judaism? In recent years, there has been notable strategic guidance and investment in ICT initiated and sustained by various First World governments. ICT as a term has been featured as a replacement of ‘IT’. ICT represents the computing and communication facilities and features that are used to assist teaching, learning and a wide array of activities in education (Ager 2003). Other definitions of ICT relate to ICT as a capability or â€Å"l iteracy†. Based on the discussion of religious-based education, Information Technology (IT) makes up the knowledge, skills, and understanding necessary to utilize information and communication technologies optimally, securely, and meaningfully across the contexts of learning, work, and daily life. Similarly, ICT is referred to as"literacy" by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and is defined as: "the interest, attitude, and ability of students to appropriately use digital technology and communication tools to access, manage, integrate and evaluate information, construct new knowledge, and communicate with others in order to participate effectively in society". Thus, the integration of ICT into RE only underlines the necessity for acquiring new skills for a new age. In 2004, the first non-statutory nationwide support for teaching REwas started. This has been launched mutually by the QCA, the DCSF, key UK religious groups and RE experts, this framework: "supports the entitlement to RE for all students, regardless of race and civilization; specified national expectations for teaching and learning in RE; and provides guidance for teachers (QCA 2004). What exactly are the activities and outcomes related to quality teaching of Religious Education What about quality learning in learning Judaism Such an inquiry draws even more questions - and not surprisingly, produces multiple perspectives as to what should be deemed as "acceptable" quality of teaching-learning. The impact of ICT on religious students at all the key stages has been highly commendable. It has given them access to a new world of information and knowledge, and guided information as to which is available through their teachers. Annually, research is undertaken to demonstrate enhancement in students' comprehension, skills, and knowledge in ICT use. Religious education contributes to students' social development by giving them an opportunity to reflect on the importance, for believers and others, of a sense of community and belonging. Students have an opportunity to consider how beliefs and values underpin societies and how and why believers and others try to make the world a better place for all. Pupils gain awareness of religious and cultural diversity within society and in other parts of the world (Best 1996). They have an opportunity to consider issues, such as justice, prejudice and extremism, that impact on societies. Establishing Criteria for Quality Teaching and Learning There has been a premium attached to ICT training of all practicing teachers in first world countries. It is encouraging to note that there has been a tremendous growth in the books, online materials, and handbooks for sharing and exchanging ideas, curriculum materials and case studies (Potter 2005). As an outcome, ICT has been gaining steady popularity among teachers/learners specifically for drafting and implementing lesson plans out of the classrooms. RE forums and chat rooms are one of the best ways to share ideas with fellow RE teachers and pick up tips, as are lists of favorite or popular

The legal, ethical and professional aspects of record keeping relating Essay

The legal, ethical and professional aspects of record keeping relating it to team working in healthcare - Essay Example The poor quality and clarity of nursing records was marked by Susan Lowson, the advisor to the Health Service Ombudsman, during The NSG conference "Information and Litigation in Healthcare" (on 11th June 2003) at Kettering General Hospital Post Graduate Medical Centre. Therefore, there is a little work to be done in the field of record quality improvement. The detailed description of a patient's case history, condition and treatment help the members of the inter-professional health care team to communicate and cooperate. This may help when the patient receives the treatment from different specialists and the important information, such as blood group, allergic reactions, specific no compatible prescribed medicines etc. should be reported to every doctor. The records are vital in doctor-nurse cooperation as they help a nurse to follow the doctor's prescriptions and a doctor to control the smallest changes in the patient's condition without keeping him under close observation as in case of long, or life-long disease when the patient receives regular nurse care and one-day-per-month doctor's examination. Good record should be written in a clear and accurate way (intended for a particular type of the record) to present the accurate account of treatment and care planning and delivery, and the record keeper should therefore follow special rules and recommendations of the authoritative organisations. Clear and consecutive records of a patient's condition help to detect problems rather than scrappy, incomplete, and inconsequent notes.Rigorous, detailed description of case history, the changes in patient's condition, medical conclusions, recommendations, and prescriptions help not only provide the successful treatment but also to protect the rights of a doctor or a patient in case of litigation. Thus, a high level of record keeping provides patients' welfare. Good medical record keeping helps to provide continuity of care. Continuity of care is an important component of medical service. Continuity is not an attribute of providers or organisations, it is rather the way individual patients experience integration of services and coordination. Therefore, continuity of care is a significant characteristic of medical care level. According to Guidelines for Record-keeping (2005, p.7), the Audit Commission (1995) found patients were suffering as a result of poor communication between professionals, even within the same area of practice and/or ward/base. The reason for that was that records were frequently treated as the personal property of a practitioner instead of as a corporate asset to promote quality care. The Trust is committed to promoting integrated patient records to support safe and effective care. It is strongly recommended, that where possible, practitioners should use or develop records that other professionals and the patient/carer/relatives are able to use to promote continuous effective care for the patient. An example of how and where this system of integrated record keeping works is the personal child health

Education and Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Education and Religion - Essay Example As the world continues to reel from the effects brought about by technological change, the religious educational community is now experiencing the challenges associated with the transition to a more learner-personalized, ICT-enabled education. Some questions reflect the search for purpose behind the technology transition: Why do we need to integrate technology into the religiosity? How can technology support learners’ religious-based educational experiences? How can technology support a more productive future in learning about Judaism? In recent years, there has been notable strategic guidance and investment in ICT initiated and sustained by various First World governments. ICT as a term has been featured as a replacement of ‘IT’. ICT represents the computing and communication facilities and features that are used to assist teaching, learning and a wide array of activities in education (Ager 2003). Other definitions of ICT relate to ICT as a capability or â€Å"l iteracy†. Based on the discussion of religious-based education, Information Technology (IT) makes up the knowledge, skills, and understanding necessary to utilize information and communication technologies optimally, securely, and meaningfully across the contexts of learning, work, and daily life. Similarly, ICT is referred to as"literacy" by the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) and is defined as: "the interest, attitude, and ability of students to appropriately use digital technology and communication tools to access, manage, integrate and evaluate information, construct new knowledge, and communicate with others in order to participate effectively in society". Thus, the integration of ICT into RE only underlines the necessity for acquiring new skills for a new age. In 2004, the first non-statutory nationwide support for teaching REwas started. This has been launched mutually by the QCA, the DCSF, key UK religious groups and RE experts, this framework: "supports the entitlement to RE for all students, regardless of race and civilization; specified national expectations for teaching and learning in RE; and provides guidance for teachers (QCA 2004). What exactly are the activities and outcomes related to quality teaching of Religious Education What about quality learning in learning Judaism Such an inquiry draws even more questions - and not surprisingly, produces multiple perspectives as to what should be deemed as "acceptable" quality of teaching-learning. The impact of ICT on religious students at all the key stages has been highly commendable. It has given them access to a new world of information and knowledge, and guided information as to which is available through their teachers. Annually, research is undertaken to demonstrate enhancement in students' comprehension, skills, and knowledge in ICT use. Religious education contributes to students' social development by giving them an opportunity to reflect on the importance, for believers and others, of a sense of community and belonging. Students have an opportunity to consider how beliefs and values underpin societies and how and why believers and others try to make the world a better place for all. Pupils gain awareness of religious and cultural diversity within society and in other parts of the world (Best 1996). They have an opportunity to consider issues, such as justice, prejudice and extremism, that impact on societies. Establishing Criteria for Quality Teaching and Learning There has been a premium attached to ICT training of all practicing teachers in first world countries. It is encouraging to note that there has been a tremendous growth in the books, online materials, and handbooks for sharing and exchanging ideas, curriculum materials and case studies (Potter 2005). As an outcome, ICT has been gaining steady popularity among teachers/learners specifically for drafting and implementing lesson plans out of the classrooms. RE forums and chat rooms are one of the best ways to share ideas with fellow RE teachers and pick up tips, as are lists of favorite or popular

Research Paper about Digital Collection in library Essay

Research Paper about Digital Collection in library - Essay Example It occurred to me that the invention of new technologies such as e-readers may provide a solution. Some informal personal research I did revealed that, as you are, no doubt, aware Rutgers University has undergone significant budget cuts in 2010. I discovered that it costs $4.26 per annum to store a print book in a university library as opposed to $0.15 fro an electronic volume. . In addition, The Rutgers University Libraries are essentially filled to capacity – some of the most critical space shortages exist in the Alexander Library. The attached document is a detailed version of an oral presentation that I recently delivered, proposing that comprehensive changes within the Rutgers University Library System can be enacted by the implementation of a digital collection and electronic reader program, at a cost that would not be prohibitive. A saving of upwards of $25 million dollars annually could be saved by not having to extend the libraries physically and by reducing storage c osts. Surveys have shown that this move to digital format is something that the students and staff of Rutgers woul welcome. I look forward to hearing from you regarding this project and will make myself available at any time. Please feel free to contact me via email at tufkte@eden.rutgers.edu, or by phone at 201-835-9098. Thank you so much for your time and consideration. Sincerely, Tae-Eung Kim Going Digital: The Adoption of a Digital Collection within Archibald S. Alexander Library & Electronic Reader Program Submitted by: Tae- Eung Kim Submitted to: Marianne Gaunt Vice President for Information Services and University Librarian Archibald S. Alexander Library Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 169 College Avenue, CAC New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-1163 Submitted on: Jan 11, 2011 Scientific and Technical Writing Course Number: 355:302:01 W11 Abstract This report is a qualitative deconstruction of the concept of the library and argues that contemporary solutions are possib le to enhance the library experience and address the changing nature of library space. Connections are made between the changing nature of this library space and physical shortages of space in Archibald S. Alexander Library. The rising costs of tuition and textbooks are considered, as well as the cost of housing a digital book collection versus a print collection (ARL Statistics 2007-2008). Logistical shortcomings of a print collection in isolation are considered in relation to access to research material and Rutgers’ Special Collections. Overarching technological trends are considered insofar as they demonstrate the public’s growing reliance on and acceptance of handheld devices. Trends in media are also considered and sources are cited that forecast the ‘death of print media’ – even the more radical views of for example, Arthur Sulzberger, owner and chairman of the New York Times, are considered. A plan is formulated that is paradigmatically linke d to developments made at Northwest Missouri University, the Google Books Program, and the Gutenburg Project, as well as successful local initiatives reported on in the Rutgers University’s The Daily Targum.. The plan includes a three part structure and is designed for students in Rutgers’ Graduate Program in English at the New Brunswick campus to form a pilot study group as precursor to a more general university-wide

Euthanasia Essay Example for Free

Euthanasia Essay In his accounts, Gay-Williams raised important arguments with regard to euthanasia. Being a serious point of debate for many decades now, there are people who approve of it claiming it provides humane death for someone otherwise not capable of living a normal life anymore. On the other hand, there are others who stay conservative and disapprove of euthanasia believing that in no way can people decide should another person is already bound for death or not. One point of contention is the differentiation between active and passive euthanasia, which further segments the population. Gay-Williams assert that active euthanasia is illegal yet passive euthanasia can be morally favored. Some do not believe on the differentiation and say that whether it is active or passive, euthanasia should be regarded as illegal. Gay-Williams also argued that euthanasia takes out the hope in a patient. This further proves the negative notion on euthanasia. This along with the argument that euthanasia is a practical choice for medical practitioners is raised by the author and was explained in detail. This paper aims to discuss these arguments and evaluate their strength, which may prove or otherwise disprove the motions of Gay-Williams. In developing the paper, it hopes to evaluate euthanasia in light of its moral viability; the distinction cited between active and passive euthanasia and their moral statures, and two arguments that embody mercy killing: the argument that states how euthanasia affects the will to live and survive as well as how it may be used for practical applications—rather surprising conclusions that were taken by Gay-Williams which are worth a lengthy point of discussion, evaluation, and comparison. Passive and active euthanasia Gay-Williams stated that there is a big difference between passive and active euthanasia. In phrases, passive euthanasia is letting die while active euthanasia is killing. It should be noted that passive euthanasia happens when a person was not given relief from a certainly fatal situation which is otherwise medically alterable. For instance, a person with extreme difficulty in breathing who can still be resuscitated but was not given an apparatus or aid for the purpose may die under the circumstance of passive euthanasia. This is often done when there is an order by the patient or the family that the patient should not be resuscitated. Alternatively, the situation can be the other way around. The patient may be in a dying situation, but still technically alive. For some circumstance such as the thought that the patient is constantly in pain, hopeless, or if the patient himself can no longer bear the pain, there may become a request or a suggestion for the pain to be stopped—rather permanently. At this point poison may be intravenously given to end the suffering of the patient. According to Gay-Williams, this big difference between the two is obvious in light of their moral statures. The first one which let the patient die without medical intervention is acceptable as there was no effort in ending the life of the patient. Divinely, the patient may still be saved. On the other hand, the latter-described procedure deliberately put an effort in ending the suffering and the life of the patient. The author stated that this is killing even if the purpose of the act is to save someone from a lengthy and costly suffering. The thought of euthanasia Every one of us is gifted with survival instincts. When the going gets tough, they say the tough gets going. And so when an illness hits someone and he is tough enough, he finds hope rather than despair. He focuses on the positive rather than the negative and strives to find a way to battle the sickness and eventually win it. Thus, when the mind says that it wants to live, the body and the person will most likely follow. (How to live a longer and healthier life, 2007) This is the same argument raised by Gay-Williams as an issue of euthanasia. He states: knowing that we can take out our life at anytime (or ask another to take it) might well incline us to give up too easily. The will to live is strong in all of us, but it can be weakened by pain and suffering and feelings of hopelessness. This will to live is essential as many doctors have proven. Gay-Williams himself stated that there are many miraculous survivals that occur which even medicine cannot fully explain. Many shows, testimonials, and books have discussed how people in the brink of death were able to miraculously survive. Some were from serious illnesses or were declared in comatose. Some claimed to be back from dying. This relationship between the will to live and getting well has been the premise of many studies. Doctors started incorporating psychological therapies to their patients’ treatment plans hoping to get better results. Often, the results even exceed their expectations. This led many doctors to adapt the concept, to the relief and advantage of thousands and maybe even millions of patients around the world. As Gay-Williams says: The very presence of the possibility of euthanasia may keep us from surviving when we might. Euthanasia and practical effects Gay-Williams state that doctors and nurses’ main thrust and aim in their professions is to save lives, and that when a patient dies in their care it becomes a personal failure which may not be too easy to accept. Thus it is not surprising if the author argued that euthanasia is a practical way for practitioners to avoid this quicksand. If they endorse or support euthanasia, any impending deaths in their care can be pre-empted—no one will ever die in their responsibility again. Euthanasia is a product of free will. It takes the patient and/or his family into a higher level of decision-making whereby they choose whether to prolong the patient’s illness and let live or end the suffering and let the patient die in peace. Its proponents agree that approving euthanasia as a social policy lets the people exercise the freedom of will that was given to them by the divine and the constitution. This is true in that even if euthanasia becomes a social policy, it still boils down to the decision of the person if euthanasia should be chosen or not as a way of getting out of one’s suffering. If a patient or his family does not want to exercise it, it is also for them to decline. However, Gay-Williams claim that euthanasia will bring an all new low in the quality of healthcare where euthanasia is acceptable. The quality will be sacrificed because if practitioners know an easier way out of an untreatable disease rather than letting the patient die naturally in their hands, the process may be taken in non-serious cases as well. In connection, Gay-Williams stress that as a social policy euthanasia will bring worse concerns. For one, it can permit authorities to eliminate those who are hopelessly ill, the way those who are mentally ill are sent in mental hospitals—a comparison Gay-Williams was clever in making. Conclusion So did Gay-Williams’ argument win or lose? The argument revolved around the innate willingness to live by people, especially the sick. It played up the fact that the will to live is a fragile characteristic inherent to everyone. It further stated that euthanasia blotted onto this inherent character; that the provision of a choice to end life gave people the reason to end life; that giving patients, their families, and the doctors an easy route out of the situation gave them the authority to take this easy route out as well. With these arguments, Gay-Williams reiterated that whether as a social policy or an open option for patients, families, and medical practitioners, euthanasia is a slippery slope where no one wins. Gay-Williams, theoretically speaking, was able to deliver his points well. It is true that euthanasia is an exercise of free will, but the fact that free will is given and thus the idea of euthanasia is suggested to a patient is already initially detrimental to the patient. It entails responsible choices to be made by the patient, the family, and the doctors. It requires a full understanding of life, and the willingness to allow life to take its course. The doctors can suggest this graceful exit option to the patient or the family but if the patient or the family’s will to live or let live is stronger than the will to end everything, euthanasia becomes out of the options and medication can continue. But if the patient or the doctors already have the way out it will be too tempting to resist. (A plea for beneficent euthanasia, n. d. ) Even if euthanasia is unwise for conservatives, it is a matter of choice and conscience. For the unbelievers, they can go through life without considering it. For modernists, it is an available choice. In the end, one should never and can never decide for another. Gay-Williams failed to include this in his distinctions. It is true that it can be used by doctors as a practical way out of a medical case, or disillusion patients, but it should still be a choice given for all.

Essay example --

Margaret Thatcher is an iconic political figure that goes down in history as the longest serving, and only woman, British Prime Minister in the history of politics in the United Kingdom. Famous for her stern political stance and policies on international policies and relations, Thatcher was nick-named the ‘Iron Lady’, a name that well stuck with her considering her general approach to policies and outlook into international politics. Having served Britain for 20 years, Thatcher stands as an important political figure that brought with her great political changes in the United Kingdom. Not only is she notable for her efforts to revolutionize the British economy from Statism to Liberalism, but also her unending efforts to lower inflation and greatly reduce the high unemployment levels that were present in the country when she took office. Thatcher not only involved herself with her home politics, but also those of other countries bringing Britain politics to the internati onal map. She became a commonly familiar figure with Ronald Reagan, the then President of the United States of America, and even most surprisingly gained praise and popularity with the then Soviet Union leader, Gorbachev. During her long and eventful stay in office, Thatcher attracted praise and criticism in equal measure. Nevertheless, she remains a political enigma in relation to British and International politics. Margaret Thatcher was born in 1925, in the town of Grantham, to a local businessman who doubled as a grocer and Mayor of Grantham town. She was sent to a local grammar school where her oratory skills sprout roots at a tender age. It has been widely argued that her father served as an influential figure in her life and the towering figure behind her in... ...Britain`s economy behind. Thatcher also introduced a new strategy on government spending in addition to introducing the concept of home ownership to tenants (The Economist). Thatcher is highly remembered for her involvement in keeping the value of the Pound high, a move that has shielded Britain over the recent financial crisis being experienced in Europe. She also restored Britain`s sovereignty as a power to reckon with in international politics and the defeat of Argentina over the Falkland Islands(James). Margaret Thatcher remains one of the most famous politicians of all time. Having adopted controversial policies to save her own country from the economic mess that it was in, Thatcher became more popular to the rest of the world than in her own country. Nevertheless, she will remain in the books of history as one of the most iconic political enigmas of all time.

Maxwells Demon - Not a Perpetual Motion Machine :: Physics Essays

Maxwell's Demon - Not a Perpetual Motion Machine Entropy is not a difficult concept to just take at face value, but it is a difficult topic to gain a good understanding of. To do this some background must be given such as the first and second law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics states that any event that occurs spontaneously must result in an increase in the randomness of lhe syslem. This means that as an ice cube melts the water molecules that it is composed of will progress toward a less ordered arrangement. The leaves that fall from the trees do nol arrange themselves in a pile on the ground because the second law of thermodynamics is against it. Entropy is a concept that most high school chemistry and physics students enjoy learning about because the now have an excuse for having a messy room, they are fighting nature. For a better understanding of the theory of entropy it helps to understand the first law of thermodynamics, energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it may only change forms. In other words the energy of the universe is constant. For the universe (the ultimate system) to give up energy to increase ordered is not a likely event. Therefore ,for a system, a persons room for example, to become more ordered, energy must be put into the system, cleaning the room. Everything in the universe is governed by entropy through the Gibbs free energy equation which states; the heat content of the system, minus the temperature of the system times the entropy, or randomness will dictate whether the event will be spontaneous. Entropy is actually centered around the probability of an event occurring. The greater the statistical probability of a particular event occurring, the greater the entropy. A good example of this is an experiment with a new deck of playing cards. When the cards are first unwr apped they are arranged in numerical order and according to suit, if the cards are thrown into the air and allowed to fall to the floor. When they are swept up and restacked, we will almost certainly find that the cards have become disordered. We would expect this disordering to occur because there are millions of ways for the cards to become disordered and only one way for them to come together again in their original sequence. Another result of the second law of thermodynamics is that spontaneous changes are always accompanied by a dispersal of energy into a more disordered form.

Margaret Fuller’s Influence Essay

As a woman in the 19th century, the odds were against Margaret Fuller. Despite adversity, she became a literary scholar and icon for woman to strive to emulate for greatness. Margaret Fuller’s development as a writer marked the transformation of America. Through Fuller’s influence, a young country looking primarily to writers overseas for its literature became a more self-confident nation. Margaret Fuller was an American literary critic, feminist critic, social critic, essayist, poet, letter writer, and pioneer. She is often considered the country’s first woman with a nationally positive reputation. Margaret Fuller’s intellect was further recognized by Ralph Waldo Emerson as being equivalent to the intelligence of a man. Therefore, it can be said that she paved the way for women to aspire to achieve success. By examining the literary works of Margaret Fuller, her writings plainly reflect American women as a whole and would be more affective to readers as a notable part in the English curriculum. Margaret Fuller was born on May 23, 1810, in Cambridgeport, Massachusetts. She was the oldest of nine children born to Unitarian parents who raised her with strong discipline. As a result of her upbringing, Margaret Fuller became a high-strung child prodigy (Goodwin). Fuller’s combination of domestic and professional accomplishments is attributed to the education she received from her father, Timothy Fuller. This strict education gave her a special ability to analyze the strengths and limitations of both masculinity and femininity. Margaret Fuller became a teacher at the Bronson Alcott Temple School for women. The Alcott School was a controversial place to learn at because the students were taught about integration and the social acceptance of others. Fuller was a revolutionary figure for women because it was illegal to teach women oral communication skills and to give them the insight to philosophize current situations in politics, the work place, and the home. She wanted women to become independent, creative thinkers. Fuller also joined Ralph Waldo Emerson and others to found the Dial. She served as the editor of The Dial for two years, then published her feminist classic, Woman in the Nineteenth Century, in 1845 (Goodwin). By the time of her death in 1850 at age 40, in a shipwreck while returning to the United States in, Margaret Fuller had become a near legend for her courage, passionate political advocacy and unconventional lifestyle. Perhaps one of her most noted books, Women of the Nineteenth Century was the examination of men and women in America. Woman of the Nineteenth Century speaks out against the degradation and the slavery of women. Fuller wrote, â€Å"Tremble not before the free man, but the slave who has chains to break. In slavery†¦ women are on a par with men. Each is a work tool, an article of property, no more! In perfect freedom†¦ in the heaven where there is no marrying or giving marriage, each [woman] is a purified intelligence, an enfranchised soul no less. † (Fuller 29) The basis for Fuller’s essay is the idea that man will rightfully inherit the earth when he becomes an elevated being, understanding the idea of divine love. The essay describes her belief that man cannot find perfection because he is burdened with selfish desires. Fuller is optimistic and says that human kind, however imperfect, is on the verge of a new awakening. She also argued that in comparison to men in Germany, America does not yet know how to properly treat women, made clear by the statement, â€Å"Germany did not need to learn a high view of women; it was inborn in that race. † (Fuller 30) Margaret Fuller continues her thoughts by saying that Christian men emulate the way women are treated whether it be good or bad in accordance with the Bible. She claims that in the past man has always called for woman’s service, but soon will come the time when women will call for men and they will be equals and share divine love. One of Fuller’s main arguments is that America has been hindered from reaching equality because it inherited depravity from Europe, hence its treatment of Native and African Americans. Fuller Expresses that those who infringe on others’ rights are condemned because man needs to practice divine love in order to feel it. The analysis of this essay proves Margaret Fuller’s worth as a feminist and transcendentalist who greatly influenced American literature. Her perspectives on the roles of women and men within humanity are a key point to this essay. With these views, Fuller was a highly persuasive women’s activist that should be celebrated even in modern literature. Margaret Fuller concluded that in order to explore her beliefs and her life, she need to travel and experience spiritual discovery through transcendentalism. The need for spiritual discovery led to Fuller’s first original book-length work, the product of her journey through what was then considered the far western frontier in mid-nineteenth-century America. This autobiography or travel log, Summer on the Lakes in 1843, occupies a pivotal position in Margaret Fuller’s development as a writer, a Transcendentalist, and a feminist. The book is a personal account of Fuller’s inner life during the summer of 1843 and is a portfolio of sketches, poems, stories, anecdotes, dialogues, reflections, and accounts of a leisurely journey to the Great Lakes. She shared with the Transcendentalists the belief that internal travel, or what Emerson called travel within the mind, was the most significant kind of journey. Her travel away from New England to visit Niagara Falls, Mackinac Island, and Rock River, Illinois, is symbolic of a larger journey that Fuller was making in her spirituality and personal discovery. Drawing on historical sources, contemporary travel books, and her own firsthand experience of life on the prairie, Fuller used the opportunity of visiting the frontier to meditate on the state of her own life and of life in America. Critics often claim that this meditation, or exploration of life, is what ultimately led Fuller to become such an influential writer for women everywhere. After the publication of Summer on the Lakes in 1843 the amount of women writers increased substantially. Margaret Fuller continued to write impressive works of literature that were influential within American culture. Life Within Life Without is about the exploration of transcendentalist ideas. One of the main ideas in the essay is the cultivation of the individual, which to Fuller, included women as well as men. Fuller claims that men and women can each live two lives; the outward life, passed in reading the thoughts of others, and the inward life that is the product of every person’s individual nature. The essay applies the idea that the individual has the potential to enlighten all mankind. In this essay, Fuller expresses her belief that allowing women as individuals to have greater spiritual and intellectual freedom will advance the enlightenment of both men and women and, therefore, all of mankind. Each type of living, inward and outward, contributes to a person’s overall development in thought and action. Fuller argues that these two states affect the passions, affections , and aspirations of all people. Because Fuller was passionate about giving equal rights to both men and women, this ssay was controversial. In later years, however, this essay became one of the foundations for the women’s rights movement, influencing women everywhere become involved in achieving equal rights. One of Margaret Fuller’s last works, Papers on Literature and Art, is a selection of works accumulated throughout her writing career. The papers contain some of Fuller’s earliest works as well as many of her later works and show the growth that she experienced through her writing over time. Along with these selections Fuller inserted segments of prose and verse. Ben Jonson wrote, â€Å"Where ever she has herself arisen in private history, and nobly shone forth in any form of excellence, men have received her, not only willingly, but with triumph. Their encomiums indeed, are always, in some sense, mortifying; they show too much surprise. ‘Can this be you? ’, he cries to the transfigured Cinderella; well I should have never thought it but I am very glad. We will tell everyone that you have surpassed your sex. † (Fuller-Ossoli) In response to Jonson’s comment, Fuller compiled the works that she had written up to that point and titled the compilation Papers on Literature and Art. Fuller wanted to demonstrate the amount of progressive personal growth she had experienced through her work as a writer. The papers were an accumulation of Fuller’s writings that expressed her thoughts on everything from transcendentalism to feminism, her opinions, and her developing ideas. Margaret Fuller was an icon to many literary scholars and continues to have a great impact on female writers of the modern era. Her works are important to the feminine literary movement as well as the literary movement as a whole. Any reader can learn from Margaret Fuller about personal growth, self discovery, and equality between all individuals. Fuller’s works were influential enough in society in her era, that they are best explored by the incorporation in English literature curriculums throughout America. Fullers influence extended to many women including women’s rights activists such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Grace Greenwood, and Ida B. Wells. Through Fuller’s influence women such as these were able to push women’s American rights to the freedoms that modern women benefit from today.

Sun Also Rises vs. Hills Like White Elephants

Alcoholic Vail ?In many Hemingway novels and short stories, excessive drinking generally plays a major role in the relationships between the characters. This is very apparent in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† and The Sun Also Rises. The alcohol provides a gateway for the for the characters to forget about their personal problems, as well as, act out against their problems and short comings. ?In â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† both the girl and the American man drink alcoholic beverages all throughout their conversation to avoid each others’ company, as well as the problems that are occurring within their relationship.They begin drinking the largest beers available the moment they arrive at the train station. It’s almost as if they begin drinking to consume their free time with anything else that is available other than discussion. The girl, Jig, strikes up small talk mentioning how the hills resemble the shapes of white elephants. In the same breath she asks to order more drinks â€Å"Anis del Toro†¦Could we try it? † (Hills 211). She does this to presumably put off the inevitable oncoming conversation about the unborn child she was carrying.The reader can infer from the back and forth conversation that they are speaking of pregnancy. The use of â€Å"white elephants† in the description of the hills is used to describe a valuable but burdensome possession which its owner can not get rid of but whose cost is not proportionate to its worth or usefulness, in this case referring to a child abortion. This idiom can set the background for the awkward conversation. The couple drinks primarily to avoid thinking or conversing about the pregnancy; however this leads the reader to believe that much deeper problems must exist in their relationship.The baby is only a small tip of the iceberg. Jig, implies this when she states that she and the man never do anything together as a couple except try various new drinks, almost as if the both of them are constantly trying to invent new ways to avoid each other. At the end of their frank conversation both Jig and the American man are drinking alone â€Å" He walked through the barroom where people waiting for the train were drinking. He drank an Anis at the bar. † (Hills 214).The girl sits at the table alone and the man sits at the bar continuing to drink, suggesting that the two will eventually break their relationship, leading them to go their separate ways. ?In The Sun Also Rises, nearly all of the characters are alcoholics. No-matter their location, they are drinking, and in most case, in excess. Their drinking often provides them with a route to escape their reality. Their drunkenness allows all of the characters in the novel to endure lives that are extremely lacking in purpose and personal affection.As with Jig and the American in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, Jake and Brett continually drink and talk about what their lives could be together, although that dream never materializes. In the novel, Hemingway attempts to portray the downsides to excessive binge drinking. During the novel, the frequent use of alcohol tends to bring out the worst behavior in some of the characters, in particular Mike Campbell (SAR 97). Mike is constantly drunk and has a terrible temper with violent outbreaks, which most commonly occur during his frequent bouts of drunkenness â€Å"I’m rather drunk, I think Ill stay rather drunk.This is all awfully amusing, but it’s not too pleasant for me. It’s not too pleasant for me. † (SAR 133). This shows that Mike is perfectly away of his abuse of alcohol and its effects on him, but he consciously chooses to continue the habit. Hemingway also subtly makes a connection that the frequent drunkenness worsens the constant emotional turmoil that Jack and his friends encounter. Following the Brett-Romero-Cohn love drama the only thing Jake has to fall back on is alcohol. This time however, even the booze wouldn’t help dull his feelings.Jake clearly needed something to cure his problems rather than search for something to cover them up, â€Å"Id believe anything. Including nightmares’,’Whats the matter? Feel low? ’,’Low as hell. † (SAR 147). The constant intoxication allows the characters to put off their problems and allow them to fester instead of confronting them, much like Jig and the American man in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†. ?In both the short story and the novel, it is very apparent that the abuse of alcohol plays a detrimental role in the development of the characters.They use and abuse this substance to run away from the problems that they desperately do not want to face. They use alcohol as a distraction as well as a source of entertainment to mask their problems. The use of alcohol in both stories generally leads to negative consequences for all parties involved.Works Cited Hemingwa y, Ernest. â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants. † The Complete Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway. New York: Scribner's, 1987. N. pag. Print. Bloom, Harold. Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises. New York: Chelsea House, 1996. Web.

Anatomy Week 3

Honors Enrichment Questions Week 3 1) What are chemotherapeutic drugs? Research two and explain how they work against cancer. Chemotherapeutic drugs are used during chemotherapy and are a treatment for cancer. Leustatin- used for hairy cell leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. It is an infusion through a vein and it attacks cells at very specific phases in the cycle. Taxol- used for treatment of breast, ovarian, lung, bladder, prostate, melanoma, esophageal, and other types of solid tumor cancers.Attacks cells during certain phases of the process. 2) What is hydrocortisone and when used, how does this reduce cell damage? It is a steroid hormone that is produced by adrenal cortex and used medicinally to treat inflammation resulting from eczema and rheumatism. It helps reduce cell damage because it is a steroid that helps prevent inflammation of cells and tissues. 3) If a molecule comes toward the cell, how is it decided if the molecule will be ta ken in using active or passive transport?Passive transport is moving biochemical and atomic or molecular substances across the cell membrane but unlike active transport it does not involve chemical energy. Active transport is transporting things from a region of lower concentration to higher concentration, and it uses energy. Depending on whether it needs energy and the transports or places that it goes through will depend on whether it will use active or passive. 4) Explain in your own words, the role of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis. The DNA molecule will unwind and unzip as the hydrogen bonds between the break of the bases.RNA nucleotides pair up with the exposed bases of one of the strands and as they pair up with their pairs the sugar phosphate groups are bonded together to form the new molecule called mRNA. 5) How do endocrine and exocrine glands differ in   structure and function? Endocrine glands are ductless glands that diffuse into the blood to be used in the body suc h as the thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary glands while exocrine glands retain their ducts and empty through ducts to the epithelial surface that includes sweat and oil glands, liver, and the pancreas.

Importance of Parental Involvement in Education Research Paper

Importance of Parental Involvement in Education - Research Paper Example A significant proportion of parents is unable to display a keen interest in the education of the children; consequently, children not only put aside their responsibilities related to studies but also turn out to be unable to complete their primary education even. Additionally, lack of parental support and guidance leads the children towards choosing the subjects that are not appropriate ones according to their innate skills, tendencies, aptitudes and inclinations; as a result, they feel themselves entirely misfit for the professions their qualification offers to them. Hence, parental support is vehemently essential for the educational, moral and professional growth and uplift of the children. Parents are not only source of inspiration, security and affection for the children, but also serve as the regularity authority to keep the children away from getting indulged into the activities that are strictly forbidden, prohibited, indecent, immoral and come under the definition of deviancy and perversion. Consequently, the children having influence and check of parents, are often in a position to escape perversion, drug addiction, chemical dependency, offences and crimes because of the fear of the punishment would be inflicted upon them on breaking the prevailing social norms, moral values and statutes of law as well. The same is applied to the education sector, which looks for the attention and interest of the parents for the successful completion of primary and middle level education of the children. Since mother’s lap is undoubtedly the first source of learning for a child, both mother and father are well aware of the nature and habits of the children. They are well acquainted with the needs and desires of their children, and hence can guide them in the light of their liking, disliking and propensities. It is therefore, there participation in the educational matters of children will certainly enhance the potential and proficiency of the students. â€Å"It is widely recognized that if pupils are to maximize their potential from schooling they will need the full support of their parents. Attempts to enhance parental involvement in education occupy governments, administrators, educators and parents’ organizations across North America, Australasia, continental Europe, Scandinavia and the UK. (Desforges & Abouchaar, 2003:7) Adolescence is the era where a child’s mind is clean slate, and he can learn almost everything quickly that is being taught to him. Additionally, the innocent minds are unable to differentiate between right and wrong as well as about their responsibilities towards education and learning. Moreover, cognitive development is also at its peak, which seeks moral support from the parents for comprehending with man’s relation with family, friends, teachers and natural and social environment. â€Å"Early adolescence and entry into middle school reflect change on multiple levels. The middle school years co incide with key changes in adolescent development, including biological and cognitive growth, social development, and renegotiations of family relationships, especially the parent-adolescent relationship.† (Grolnick et al., 2007: 993) Hence, parents can play vital role in teaching the child all about his social and natural environment, which has direct relationship with the subjects he is learning.

Explore the Causes of the Current Financial Crisis That Started in Essay

Explore the Causes of the Current Financial Crisis That Started in 2007 - Essay Example There are various causes for this crisis and this paper shall explore these causes as well as the theoretical views which seem to be relevant in explaining its causes. Body The global financial crisis which started in 2007 is considered one of the most disastrous economic issues the world has ever experienced. In so many ways, it is being likened to the Great Depression seen in 1929, as well as the Russian crisis in 1992 (Banking Law Committee, 2009). Most countries also seem to agree that the main cause of the crisis was the credit boom and the increase in housing prices. As the 2007 was starting to loom over the global market, the US ratio of debt to national income went up by 100% or from 3.75-4.75 to one (Banking Law Committee, 2009). At about the same time, the house prices also increased at a rate of 11% per year. Since 2007, the global market has been hit with various developments which were rooted on the earlier issues on the unfavourable performance of sub-prime mortgages in the US (Banking Law Committee, 2009). The housing boom was followed by a bust which then caused defaults and collapse of mortgages thereby causing financial turmoil. Financial institutions have been met with losses which amounted to billions of dollars and are still continuing to do so (Banking Law Committee, 2009). ... The gravity and the volume of negative financial outcomes at that time, coupled with the impotency of the remedies being carried out also forced the authorities to consider the origins of the crisis and the market tools by which the crisis could be contained and managed. The causes of the financial crisis which started in 2007 shall be considered below. Mortgage lending was considered as one of the main causes of the 2007 financial crisis. Before the crisis, abundant credit, low interest rates, and increased housing prices, the lending conditions were so relaxed that people started to buy houses they could not afford (Murphy, 2008). As prices started to fall and loans were being called in, the shock spread throughout the entire system. The housing bubble also made the crisis worse and the Federal Reserve allowed housing prices to increase at sustainable and impractical rates. As the bubble burst, the crisis was triggered (Labonte, 2007). There was also a lack of transparency and acco untability in mortgage finance. There were numerous bad mortgages throughout the system as well as selling of bad securities. Lenders could sell mortgages to home owners and not feel any accountability for it; this pattern was also seen among brokers, realtors, and individuals in rating agencies as well as other market participants (Jickling, 2010). The crashing housing prices impacted on household wealth, including the spending and defaults on loans by lending institutions. Housing prices from 2000 to 2006 doubled and later subsequently collapsed. The housing bubble was caused by a long period of low interest rates offered by the Federal Reserve and these monetary policies were too permissive for too

Report discussing Spotify's strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Report discussing Spotify's strategy - Essay Example Spotify should use current technology to be stable and compete with the other companies. Introduction Spotify is a Swedish online streaming company offering online music service to the user that they can stream up to 15 million tracks on demand by using unique technology. It still lags behind after Pandora as a market leader. Spotify also introduced lightweight software, which allows an instant listening to albums and tracks without buffering delay. Consumers subscribe monthly premium to access the service. Spotify paid free subscriptions to everyone in order to expand the rate of service (Gammons, 2012). The company offered free accounts and opened free registration in United Kingdom. Spotify closed opened registration when Spotify mobile service was released. Technology is a growing necessity in all types of businesses. As time goes, people learn the importance of technology one by one. This make it impossible to separate technology from the people as it is necessary in day-to-day activities. Technology in Spotify has brought tremendous growth in the company through advertising. Sporty can post their new services online to create new revenue streams and new markets. Technology is also important in decision-making process leading business managers and chief executive officers to focus on innovation in business (Marshall, 2012). Spotify has divided the digital music industry into two submarkets; digital download market consisting of Amazon and iTunes and streaming market which has many competitors. According to the study conducted in 2011, the revenue of digital music industry has grown by 8%. The growth rate of streaming market is greater than that of the download market. Streaming market generates 10% of the revenue of digital music industry (Marshall, 2012). Many companies with similar business models operate in streaming industry leading to strong competition in the market. Companies can only be differentiated from each other by; features regions of operati ons, variations in packaging and licensing of music libraries. The costs of switching from one streaming service to another are very high. This has created a limited compatibility and transfer between the streaming services. The streaming companies are trying to include network effects in their services by introducing social components. Users are granted permissions to create collaborative playlists, they can follow what other people, and friends are listening on the network (Daft, 2011). Network effect adds value to the services leading to attraction of more clients. Streaming companies has essential partners and record labels are natural which creates ready market with strong indirect network effects. Availability of content is important to attraction of customers. When there is large music in the library, the streaming service will be much popular. The streaming industry is a two-sided market where companies should create virtuous circle between customers and record labels. When the subscribers and users are more in a service, there should be more labels having their music recorded on the services. This will lead to attraction of more customers to the larger library available. On the other hand, it is expensive to obtain streaming rights to a large library for successful streaming of services. The primary tactic on how to gain market share is